Debunking the Flexibility Myth: What the Iliolumbar Ligament Really Does

The release of Happy Gilmore 2 has brought renewed laughs and nostalgia for golf fans, but among the film’s comedic exaggerations lies a storyline that deserves some anatomical clarification. A central plot point in the movie involves a fictional group of elite players known as the “Maxi Golfers” who undergo surgery on their iliolumbar ligaments in an attempt to increase spinal flexibility and drive distance.

The idea is that surgical enhancement of this deep spinal ligament, the golfers can achieve greater trunk rotation and hit the ball further off the tee. While it makes for a humorous subplot, the concept has no basis in anatomical or biomechanical reality. In fact, it completely misrepresents the role and function of the iliolumbar ligament.

In this article, we take a closer look at the iliolumbar ligament’s true anatomical and physiological role, and why “surgery to increase flexibility” is not only a fallacy, but potentially harmful.

Anatomy and Function of the Iliolumbar Ligament:

The iliolumbar ligament is a strong, fibrous structure that connects the transverse process of the fifth lumbar vertebra (L5) to the iliac crest of the pelvis. Some variations also involve connections to the L4 vertebra or adjacent fascia, depending on individual anatomy.

Functionally, this ligament plays a critical role in stabilising the lumbosacral junction—the point where the spine meets the pelvis. Its main purposes include:

• Limiting excessive side-bending and rotation of the lower lumbar spine

• Preventing anterior (forward) shear forces between L5 and the sacrum

• Supporting postural control and spinal integrity during movement

Importantly, the iliolumbar ligament is designed for stability, not mobility. It helps maintain the structural integrity of the spine under load, especially during functional tasks like lifting, bending, or twisting. It is not a structure that should be lengthened for performance enhancement.

The Myth of Surgical Flexibility: Hollywood vs. Human Anatomy:

In Happy Gilmore 2, the idea of surgically altering the iliolumbar ligament to gain more flexibility (and therefore more power in the golf swing) may seem plausible to the average viewer. However, from a biomechanical perspective, it’s completely unfounded.

Ligaments are dense connective tissues with limited elasticity. Their primary function is to restrict excessive movement and protect joints from instability. Surgically lengthening or modifying the iliolumbar ligament would undermine spinal stability, increase the risk of lower back dysfunction, and likely result in more harm than benefit.

There is no current evidence or clinical justification for surgically altering this ligament to improve athletic performance.

Clinical Implications and Common Presentations:

In clinical practice, strain or irritation of the iliolumbar ligament is a relatively common contributor to lower back and pelvic pain. It often presents in individuals with poor lumbopelvic control, prolonged postural loading (e.g., desk work), or a history of trauma such as falls or repetitive strain.

Typical symptoms may include:

• Localised pain over the iliac crest or lower back

• Referral into the groin, hip, or buttock region

• Discomfort with prolonged sitting, standing, or side-bending

Management typically involves a combination of manual therapy, neuromuscular re-education, load management, and rehabilitative exercises focused on restoring core stability and pelvic control. Clinical Pilates and functional movement retraining can be especially effective in addressing the underlying biomechanics that contribute to iliolumbar stress.

What Really Improves Rotation and Power in Sport:

Rather than chasing fictional shortcuts, athletes seeking greater rotational capacity and power should focus on evidence-based strategies, including:

• Improving thoracic spine and hip mobility

• Developing core and gluteal strength

• Enhancing neuromuscular control and coordination

• Addressing postural and movement inefficiencies

These are the true foundations of sustainable athletic performance—without compromising spinal integrity or joint stability.

Conclusion:

The iliolumbar ligament plays an essential role in maintaining lumbopelvic stability. Despite what Hollywood may suggest, it is not a structure to be modified in the pursuit of greater flexibility or power. Any attempt to do so would undermine the very function it’s designed to serve.

If you’re experiencing lower back or pelvic pain, or if you’re looking to enhance your athletic performance safely, consult a qualified osteopath or allied health professional. We can assess your movement patterns, provide evidence-based treatment, and help you build strength and mobility the right way …no radical surgery required!

Complete Care Osteo – Lilydale

📞 (03) 7036 6525

💻 Book online: www.completecareosteo.com.au

📍 Suite 2, 355 Main Street, Lilydale, 3140